Nowadays, stainless steelmaking starts by melting of scrap (usually mixture of recycled carbon steel and stainless steel) and ferrochrome in electric arc
The major issue in stainless steelmaking is the difficulty of oxidising carbon from molten steel without also oxidising large proportions of expensive chromium.
from 1962 to 1968 (Schmidt et al., 1968). In this work, AOD converting will be reviewed, and. then modelled using computational thermodynamics to. obtain a
5.0% Converter. 6.8% VOD. Top lance. (O2, Ar, N2). Gases. (Ar, O. 2. , N. 2. , air). Fig. 12.2 AOD vessel. Fig. 12.1 Stainless steel production by process
The four possible mechanisms of dust formation in converter steelmaking are evaporation of metal, ejection of slag, ejection of metal and entrainment of
The same K-OBM converter can be used either for stainless steel production or C steel which is not feasible for converters using inert gas tuyere protection
The converter-type chromium ore smelting reduction method has been adopted for the stainless steel refining process at JFE Steel. Since chromium ore is used as
